EIU Global Sustainability Index
EIU Global Sustainability Index
EIU Global Sustainability Index
The Sustainability Index is a three-pillar framework that covers environmental, social, and governance. It's based on a methodology of 220 indicators across 150+ geographies enabling:
- Cross-country comparison
- Risk modeling and macro overlays
- ESG-aware portfolio construction
- AI/agent-driven country analysis
The dataset follows a 3-layer hierarchy:
1. Indicators (Atomic Layer)
- 100+ individual ESG indicators
- Scored on a 0–4 discrete scale
- Represent raw inputs (e.g., emissions, inequality, governance quality)
2. Sub-Pillars (Category Layer)
- Aggregations of related indicators
- Normalized to 0–100 scores
3. Pillars (E / S / G)
- Environmental
- Social
- Governance
- Combined into a final overall ESG score (0–100)
Category:
Macro Economics
Type:
historical
Workspace:
EDGE
Dataset Id:
EIU_COUNTRY_SUSTAINABILITY_INDEX
Region:
Global
Records:
1,661
Newest Record:
01/01/2026
Oldest Record:
01/01/2016
Updated At:
09/11/2026
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Use Cases
Investment
- Sovereign bond risk pricing and ESG risk premium analysis
- Country screening/exclusion for ESG or SRI portfolios
- Benchmark for green, sustainability-linked, or SDG-aligned funds
Risk & Compliance
- Sovereign credit risk modeling alongside macro/political risk
- ESG disclosure reporting (SFDR, TCFD) for cross-border exposure
- Jurisdictional risk screening for banks, insurers, and lenders
Corporate Strategy
- Market-entry and site-selection due diligence
- Supply chain risk mapping by sourcing country
Policy & Research
- Peer benchmarking of national sustainability performance
- Input for multilateral/development bank lending criteria
- Academic, NGO, and journalistic analysis of ESG trends
Data Products
- Component feed for aggregated ESG scoring engines
- Licensable dataset for market data platforms or client dashboards
Highlights
- Comprehensive coverage — Environmental, social, and governance scores for 150+ countries, benchmarked and ranked
- Investment-grade methodology — Built by EIU's in-house analyst team, drawing on decades of country risk expertise
- Portfolio-ready — Purpose-built for sovereign bond screening, ESG/SRI country allocation, and green/SDG-aligned fund benchmarking
- Risk & compliance integration — Supports SFDR/TCFD-aligned disclosure workflows and cross-border counterparty risk assessment
- Time-series depth — Track sustainability trajectories and identify improving or deteriorating jurisdictions over time
- API-native delivery — Structured, machine-readable format for direct integration into risk models, dashboards, and portfolio construction tools
- Complements existing coverage — Layers cleanly alongside traditional macro and political risk datasets for a fuller country risk picture
Provider
Published ByEconomist Enterprise (EIU)
Methods
https://api.blueskyapi.com/v1/data/EDGE/EIU_COUNTRY_SUSTAINABILITY_INDEXhttps://api.blueskyapi.com/v1/data/EDGE/EIU_COUNTRY_SUSTAINABILITY_INDEX/:countryCodehttps://api.blueskyapi.com/v1/data/EDGE/EIU_COUNTRY_SUSTAINABILITY_INDEX/:countryCode/::year- https://api.blueskyapi.com/v1/data/EDGE/EIU_COUNTRY_SUSTAINABILITY_INDEX/
- https://api.blueskyapi.com/v1/data/EDGE/EIU_COUNTRY_SUSTAINABILITY_INDEX/US
- https://api.blueskyapi.com/v1/data/EDGE/EIU_COUNTRY_SUSTAINABILITY_INDEX/US,IT
- https://api.blueskyapi.com/v1/data/EDGE/EIU_COUNTRY_SUSTAINABILITY_INDEX/US/2024
Example API Request URL
Time Series Query Parameters
You can use any time series query parameters with this dataset.
View the full documentation →
Response Attributes
| Key | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| CEDK | number, null | Decarbonisation ranking (out of 151). The country’s rank based on its decarbonisation score. A higher rank indicates greater progress in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and transitioning to a low-carbon economy. |
| CEEK | number, null | Environmental stewardship ranking (out of 151). The country’s rank based on its environmental stewardship score. A higher rank indicates commitment to and effectiveness in managing natural resources, protecting ecosystems and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. |
| CEES | number, null | Environmental stewardship score (0-100). Assesses country risk in relation to how effectively it manages and protects its natural resources and ecosystems. |
| CEPK | number, null | Physical risk ranking (out of 151). The country’s rank based on its physical risk score. A higher rank indicates lower risk from climate-related and environmental hazards. |
| CEPS | number, null | Physical risk score (0-100). Assesses country risk in relation to the severity of climate and environmental threats that it faces. |
| CEWK | number, null | Waste and water management ranking (out of 151). The country’s rank based on its waste and water management score. A higher rank indicates greater effectiveness of their waste disposal, recycling practices, and water resource management. |
| CEWS | number, null | Waste and water management score (0-100). Assesses country risk in relation to how effectively it collects, processes and disposes waste and the sustainability of its water resources. |
| CEZS | number, null | Decarbonisation score (0-100). Assesses country risk in relation to the speed at which its carbon emissions are being reduced. |
| CGCK | number, null | Corporate governance ranking (out of 151). The country’s rank based on its corporate governance score. A higher rank indicates more robust and ethical corporate governance practices. |
| CGCS | number, null | Corporate governance score (0-100). Assesses country risk in relation to the strength, enforcement, and adherence to corporate governance practices, including transparency, accountability and protection of shareholder and stakeholder rights. |
| CGEK | number, null | Electoral process and pluralism ranking (out of 151). The country’s rank based on its electoral process and pluralism score. A higher rank indicates greater fairness, transparency, and inclusiveness of electoral systems, as well as a higher degree of participation by diverse political voices and parties. |
| CGES | number, null | Electoral process and pluralism score (0-100). Assesses country risk in relation to the nature of political parties and systems in a country and the extent to which free, fair, and competitive elections are upheld, including the ability of diverse political groups to participate meaningfully in the political landscape. |
| CGFK | number, null | Functioning of government ranking (out of 151). The country’s rank based on its functioning of government score. A higher rank indicates greater effectiveness, transparency, and accountability of its governing institutions, including the implementation of laws, quality of public services and the absence of corruption. |
| CGFS | number, null | Functioning of government score (0-100). Assesses country risk in relation to the effectiveness, transparency, and accountability of its governing institutions, including the extent to which elected officials exercise power responsibly and free from undue influence or corruption. |
| CGIK | number, null | Innovation and institutional quality ranking (out of 151). The country’s rank based on its innovation and institutional quality score. A higher rank indicates stronger institutions and greater capacity for innovation. |
| CGIS | number, null | Innovation and institutional quality score (0-100). Assesses country risk in relation to the quality, independence and strength of its institutions and whether favourable conditions are present for innovation. |
| CSAK | number, null | Access to services ranking (out of 151). The country’s rank based on its access to services score. A higher rank indicates greater availability, quality and inclusiveness of essential public services such as healthcare, education, transportation and digital infrastructure. |
| CSAS | number, null | Access to services score (0-100). Assesses country risk in relation to the quality of, and level of access to, essential services such as health, education, sanitation and environmental well-being. |
| CSCK | number, null | Civil rights ranking (out of 151). The country’s rank based on its civil rights score. A higher rank indicates better protection of civil liberties. |
| CSCS | number, null | Civil rights score (0-100). Assesses country risk in relation to the status of fundamental rights and freedoms that individuals enjoy. |
| CSEK | number, null | Equality ranking (out of 151). The country’s rank based on its equality score. A higher rank indicates greater equitable treatment and opportunity across different population groups. |
| CSES | number, null | Equality score (0-100). Assesses country risk in relation to equality in the treatment, rights, and opportunities of individuals across different social, ethnic, gender, or economic groups. |
| CSLK | number, null | Labour conditions ranking (out of 151). The country’s rank based on its labour conditions score. A higher rank indicates greater quality and fairness of their labour practices. |
| CSLS | number, null | Labour conditions score (0-100). Assesses country risk in relation to the quality, fairness, and legality of its employment practices. |
| IED01S | number, null | Renewable energy capacity growth score (0-4). The average annual growth rate in renewable energy (RE) capacity over the previous three years inclusive of wind, solar, marine, geothermal and biomass sources. Capacity is defined as the maximum output of electricity that a generator can produce under ideal conditions and is measured in megawatts. This indicator is weighted equally with ED02 (renewable energy share); taken together, these indicators penalise countries with low RE capacity (even if growing) and shrinking RE capacity (even if large). |
| IED02S | number, null | Renewable energy share score (0-4). The share of renewable energy (RE) generation in total electricity production inclusive of wind, solar, marine, geothermal and biomass sources. Electricity generation refers to the amount of electricity that is produced over a specific period and is measured in megawatt-hours, % of total. This indicator is weighted equally with ED02 (renewable energy share); taken together, these indicators penalise countries with low RE capacity (even if growing) and shrinking RE capacity (even if large). |
| IED04S | number, null | Exports of coal and oil score (0-4). Total volume of exports of coal and oil (crude and refined products). |
| IED07S | number, null | Greenhouse gas emissions global contribution score (0-4). A country's greenhouse gas emissions as a percentage of global emissions for that year. Six greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and the so-called F-gases (hydrofluorocarbons and perfluorocarbons) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) are considered, which are measured as metric tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (MTCO2e). The data combine UNFCCC reported data where available and uses other sources to fill gaps, but does not include land-use change and forestry (LUCF). |
| IED08S | number, null | Greenhouse gas emissions growth score (0-4). The average annual growth rate in a country's greenhouse gas emissions over the previous five years. Six greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and the so-called F-gases (hydrofluorocarbons and perfluorocarbons) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) are considered, which are measured as metric tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (MTCO2e). The data combine UNFCCC reported data where available and uses other sources to fill gaps, but does not include land-use change and forestry (LUCF). |
| IED09S | number, null | Greenhouse gas emission per capita score (0-4). A country's greenhouse gas emissions are divided by the population of that country. Six greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and the so-called F-gases (hydrofluorocarbons and perfluorocarbons) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) are considered, which are measured as metric tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (MTCO2e). The data combine UNFCCC reported data where available and uses other sources to fill gaps, but does not include land-use change and forestry (LUCF). |
| IED12S | number, null | Low-carbon transition exposure score (0-4). This metric considers two dimensions: type of exposed asset class and timing of exposure. A country can be exposed because of its reliance on fossil fuel resources in the ground or its significant reliance on carbon-intensive built capital, such as power or industrial plants. A country can also be exposed because it currently relies on carbon-intensive exports or is expected to rely on carbon-intensive rents and revenues in the future as a result of its large reserves of fossil fuels and the young age of its carbon-intensive infrastructure. This is a broader indicator than ED03 (exports of coal and oil), because (a) it extends to all carbon-intensive industries (eg large fertiliser producers score poorly), and (b) it penalises the future producers who will add to carbon emissions (eg industrialising countries that are heavily dependent on thermal power score poorly). |
| IED13S | number, null | Renewable energy regulation score (0-4). Measures how supportive a country's regulatory environment is for the growth of renewable energy generation. The overall score is the equally weighted average of scores for seven categories of regulation: legal framework for renewable energy; planning for renewable energy expansion; incentives and regulatory support for renewable energy; attributes of financial and regulatory incentives; network connection and use; counterparty risk; and carbon pricing and monitoring. |
| IED14S | number, null | Responsible consumption and production score (0-4). Measurement of the country's performance in achieving goal #12 of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, to “Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns”, as judged by the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network in partnership with Bertelsmann Stiftung. |
| IED20S | number, null | Net emissions of greenhouse gases score (0-4). Measures country-level greenhouse gas emissions between 1970 and 2021 by industrial sector for carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated gases, and considers the impact of land-use change and forestry. Emissions estimates are in million metric tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTCO2e). |
| IED21S | number, null | Coal-based energy usage score (0-4). Measures the consumption of different types of coal: anthracite, bituminous, lignite, brown coal and other commercial solid fuels in exajoules (EJ) |
| IED22S | number, null | CO2 emissions as % of GDP score (0-4). Total carbon dioxide emissions divided by GDP, kgCO2 per GDP. |
| IED23S | number, null | Methane emissions score (0-4). Methane emitted from the combustion of fossil fuels and biofuels and the entire related value chain excluding land-use change and forestry, annual data in million metric tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTCO2e). |
| IED24S | number, null | Fluorinated gas emissions score (0-4). Fluorinated gases— including hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and nitrogen trifluoride (NF3)—generated from industrial processes, annual data in million metric tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTCO2e). |
| IED25S | number, null | Nitrous oxide emissions score (0-4). Nitrous oxide—generated from agriculture, industrial processes, fossil fuel combustion and certain waste treatment processes—annual data in million metric tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTCO2e). |
| IED26S | number, null | Climate change subsidies score (0-4). Measures implicit subsidies generated by inadequately charging individuals and corporations for the impact of climate change and by taxing fossil fuels below the standard consumption tax rate measured in US$ bn. |
| IED27S | number, null | Local air pollution subsidies score (0-4). Measures implicit subsidies generated by inadequately charging for the health and environmental costs of air pollutants—include particulate matter (PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx)—emitted by the combustion of fossil fuels. |
| IED28S | number, null | Public investment in renewables score (0-4). Investments—including equity, green debt, project commitments — that fund projects that cannot be classified as one distinct technology measured in US$ m. |
| IED29S | number, null | Carbon intensity of electricity generation score (0-4). Greenhouse gases emitted per unit of electricity generated, grams of CO2 equivalents per kilowatt-hour (g CO2e/kWh). |
| IED30S | number, null | Energy consumption per capita score (0-4). Per head primary energy consumption in kilowatt-hours (kWhs) per person. |
| IED31S | number, null | Explicit fossil fuel subsidies score (0-4). Subsidies in US$ bn at 2021 prices provided primarily to the consumer in order to keep the retail price below the fossil fuel’s supply cost. This is analogous to the domestic production cost of a non-tradable product such as coal, including costs incurred to deliver the fuel to consumers. |
| IED34S | number, null | Energy intensity level of primary energy score (0-4). The ratio between energy supply and GDP measured at purchasing power poverty. |
| IEE01S | number, null | Government spend on environmental protection score (0-4). Government expenditure on environmental protection measures, as a percentage of the country’s GDP. These measures are part of a specified set of activities, as outlined by the framework of the Classification of Functions of Government (COFOG), and include pollution abatement, protection of biodiversity and waste management. |
| IEE03S | number, null | Protected land score (0-4). The proportion (%) of sites deemed important for terrestrial biodiversity that fall within legally protected areas. |
| IEE04S | number, null | Protected freshwater score (0-4). The proportion (%) of sites deemed important for terrestrial biodiversity that fall within legally protected areas. |
| IEE05S | number, null | Deforestation area score (0-4). The absolute change in the area of naturally regenerating forest over the previous five years. |
| IEE07S | number, null | Protected forest area score (0-4). Proportion of forest area within legally established protected areas (%). |
| IEE08S | number, null | Protected marine territorial waters score (0-4). Areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain—including overlying water, and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features—that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment. |
| IEE11S | number, null | Species covered by protected areas score (0-4). Based on Map of Life's Species Protection Index, which measures how well a country's terrestrial protected areas geographically overlap with the ranges of its vertebrate, invertebrate and plant species. Map of Life calculates this index using remote sensing data, global biodiversity informatics and integrative models to map suitable habitat for more than 30,000 terrestrial species at high resolution. |
| IEE12S | number, null | Endangered species score (0-4). Based on the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources' Red List Index. The Red List Index shows trends in overall extinction risk for species, and is used by governments to track their progress towards targets for reducing biodiversity loss. |
| IEE13S | number, null | Deforestation growth score (0-4). The percentage change in the area of naturally regenerating forest over the previous five years. |
| IEE20S | number, null | Air quality: PM10 concentration score (0-4). Ground measurements of annual mean concentrations of particulate matter of a diameter equal or smaller than 10 μm (PM10) primarily generated by human activities related to fossil fuel combustion. Data generated are the average level for cities or towns, adjusted to generate a national average. |
| IEE21S | number, null | Air quality: PM25 concentration score (0-4). Ground measurements of annual mean concentrations of particulate matter of a diameter equal or smaller than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) primarily generated by human activities related to fossil fuel combustion. Data generated are the average level for cities or towns, adjusted to generate a national average. |
| IEE22S | number, null | Air quality: NO2 concentration score (0-4). Ground measurements of annual mean concentrations of annual mean concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) primarily generated by human activities related to fossil fuel combustion. Data generated are the average level for cities or towns, adjusted to generate a national average. |
| IEE23S | number, null | Climate litigation score (0-4). The number of cases brought before a judicial body where climate change, law or policy is a central and material issue. |
| IEE24S | number, null | Coastal risk mitigation score (0-4). Measures taken to protect coastal areas, infrastructure and resident populations from sea-level increase, soil erosion, flooding and other coastal hazards. These measures include both structural and nature-based solutions. |
| IEE25S | number, null | Economic value generated from hunting and fishing score (0-4). The per head value generated (in US dollars) from hunting, fishing and other forest-related recreation activities. This is adjusted for inflation and reported using a chain-base methodology with 2019 as the base year. |
| IEE26S | number, null | Illegal fishing score (0-4). Measures a country’s exposure to and mitigation of illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing. |
| IEE27S | number, null | Poaching and illicit trade in animals and animal products score (0-4). Measures the extent of crimes against fauna species. This includes poaching and illicit trade in animals and animal products and the possession of species or products protected by international law. |
| IEE28S | number, null | Pollution levies score (0-4). Tax revenue derived from an activity that has a negative effect on the environment, measured as a percentage of GDP. |
| IEE29S | number, null | Forested area share score (0-4). Forest area as a proportion of total land area. |
| IEE30S | number, null | Forest cover score (0-4). Total forest area of a country as a percentage of total land area. |
| IEP01S | number, null | Land cover impacting climate score (0-4). The geographical area where human activities such as deforestation or urbanisation significantly influence climate by modifying the Earth's heat absorption and reflection capacity—mainly through altering vegetation and land surfaces—and contributing to increased greenhouse gas emissions. |
| IEP03S | number, null | Disaster risk mitigation score (0-4). Measures hazard exposure, vulnerability and coping capacity in order to provide a comprehensive assessment of the ability of a country to deal with potential disaster impacts. |
| IEP05S | number, null | Natural disaster incidence score (0-4). Measures the frequency of events like floods, earthquakes, storms, droughts and wildfires that significantly affect economic stability, growth and public finances. |
| IEP07S | number, null | Baseline-adjusted temperature shift score (0-4). Change in land surface air temperature relative to a fixed historical reference period, specifically 1951–80. |
| IEP09S | number, null | Proportion of population in low-lying coastal areas score (0-4). Measures the share of the population in a country that lives |
| IEP10S | number, null | Tree cover loss score (0-4). Year-by-year tree cover loss, defined as stand level replacement of vegetation greater than 5 meters, within the selected area. |
| IEW08S | number, null | Wastewater treatment score (0-4). The proportion of wastewater that undergoes at least primary treatment in each country, multiplied by the proportion of the population connected to a wastewater collection system. |
| IEW23S | number, null | Food waste score (0-4). Food waste per head (kg). (This aligns to the SDG indicator #12.3.1.) |
| IEW24S | number, null | Nitrogen management score (0-4). Based on Yale University's Sustainable Nitrogen Management Index (SNMI), which seeks to balance efficient application of nitrogen fertiliser with maximum crop yields as a measure of the environmental performance of agricultural production. The SNMI is used as a proxy for agricultural drivers of environmental damage. A score of 100 indicates that a country is optimising both crop yields and fertiliser application, and a score of 0 indicates that a country is among the worst performers on the SNMI. |
| IEW25S | number, null | Hazardous waste score (0-4). Number of parties to international multilateral environmental agreements on hazardous waste and other chemicals that meet their commitments and obligations in transmitting information, as required by each relevant agreement (Basel, Minamata, Montreal, Rotterdam, Stockholm). This is a calculation of the average compliance rate across five treaties. |
| IEW26S | number, null | Freshwater withdrawals sustainability score (0-4). Measures the level of water stress, defined as freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources. |
| IEW27S | number, null | River and coastal eutrophication score (0-4). Eutrophication is excess nutrient loading into coastal environments from anthropogenic sources, resulting in excessive growth of plants, algae and phytoplankton. Data are sourced from the UN Environment Programme's Index for Coastal Eutrophication Potential, which measures the number of kilograms of carbon (from algae biomass) per square kilometre of river basin area per day. |
| IEW28S | number, null | Informal waste and water systems score (0-4). Proportion of urban population living in slums, informal settlements or inadequate housing. |
| IEW29S | number, null | Water resource management score (0-4). The percentage to which the country has implemented integrated water resources management at all levels, including through transboundary co-operation as appropriate. |
| IEW30S | number, null | Water risk score (0-4). The ratio of total water withdrawals to available renewable surface and groundwater supplies. |
| IEW31S | number, null | Freshwater withdrawal rate score (0-4). The ratio between total freshwater drawn by major sectors and total renewable freshwater resources. |
| IEW32S | number, null | Cleanliness of rivers and lakes score (0-4). The percentage of water bodies—rivers, lakes and groundwater—with water quality that does not damage the ecosystem or human health. |
| IEW33S | number, null | Water quality score (0-4). Public perception of whether residents of a city or area are satisfied with the quality of water. |
| IEW34S | number, null | Solid waste management score (0-4). Measures the risk that solid waste represents to human and environmental health using three parameters: waste generated per head, controlled solid waste and waste recovery rate. |
| IEW35S | number, null | Renewable water resources score (0-4). Internal freshwater resources—internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall—per head. |
| IGC02S | number, null | Corporate ethics and accountability score (0-4). Based on data from the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report, which scores each country's corporate governance. The score takes into account factors including corporate ethics and accountability. |
| IGC03S | number, null | Sustainability reporting score (0-4). Counts the number of companies publishing sustainability reports meeting the minimum requirements. |
| IGC05S | number, null | Female ownership score (0-4). Measures the percentage of firms surveyed by the World Bank Enterprise Survey that have female participation in ownership. |
| IGC07S | number, null | Accounting integrity score (0-4). Measures the risk that business financial statements are inconsistent or misleading. |
| IGC11S | number, null | Employee training score (0-4). Measures the percentage of firms surveyed by the World Bank Enterprise Survey that offer formal employee training. |
| IGC12S | number, null | Auditing score (0-4). Measures the percentage of firms surveyed by the World Bank Enterprise Survey with annual financial statements reviewed by external auditors. |
| IGC13S | number, null | Harmful tax practices score (0-4). The prevalence of base erosion and profit sharing (BEPS) in corporate taxation, as defined by the OECD. The OECD classes each country in one of the following categories: (i) not harmful; (ii) not harmful (except for transitional issues which are harmful); (iii) in the process of being amended/eliminated; (iv) actually harmful. |
| IGC15S | number, null | Enforceability of contracts score (0-4). Measures the risk that contract rights will not be enforced. |
| IGC16S | number, null | Money laundering and terrorist financing score (0-4). Based on data from the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), which conducts peer reviews of each member on an ongoing basis to assess levels of implementation of the FATF Recommendations, providing an in-depth description and analysis of each country’s system for preventing criminal abuse of the financial system. The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) evaluates each country on 51 criteria assessing both the effectiveness and technical compliance of their efforts to prevent money laundering and terrorist financing. |
| IGC20S | number, null | Bureaucracy costs score (0-4). Evaluates the risk that normal business operations become more costly owing to the regulatory environment. This includes regulatory compliance and bureaucratic inefficiency and/or opacity. |
| IGC21S | number, null | Effectiveness of the criminal investigation system score (0-4). Measures whether perpetrators of crimes are effectively apprehended and charged. It also measures whether police, investigators and prosecutors have adequate resources, are free of corruption and perform their duties competently. |
| IGC22S | number, null | International capital controls score (0-4). Evaluates capital controls using data from the IMF, which assesses up to 13 types of international capital controls. The score reflects the proportion of these capital controls not imposed by a country as a share of the total number of capital controls listed. |
| IGC23S | number, null | Compliance costs of international trade score (0-4). Cost of procedures required to import a full 20-foot container of dry goods that contains no hazardous or military items. Countries where it takes longer to import or export are scored lower. |
| IGC24S | number, null | Corruption mitigation score (0-4). Evaluates perceptions regarding the extent to which public authority is misused for private benefit, including petty and grand corruption, as well as undue influence over state institutions by elites and private interests. |
| IGC25S | number, null | Restrictions on the movement of capital and people score (0-4). Evaluates the extent of foreign ownership in domestic companies and the stringency of regulations governing cross-border capital movements. |
| IGC26S | number, null | Financial opacity score (0-4). Evaluates jurisdictions based on their complicity in assisting individuals to conceal financial activities from legal authorities. |
| IGC27S | number, null | Ease of international trade score (0-4). Measures trade freedom based on two factors: the trade-weighted average tariff rate and a qualitative evaluation of non-tariff barriers. |
| IGC28S | number, null | Ease of owning foreign currency bank accounts score (0-4). Evaluates the ease with which other currencies can be used via domestic and foreign bank accounts. |
| IGC29S | number, null | State-owned enterprises and investment score (0-4). Measures the share of government investment as a share of total investment. Countries with more government enterprises and government investment received lower scores. |
| IGC30S | number, null | Enforcement of contracts score (0-4). Evaluates the effectiveness and efficiency of a country's legal system in enforcing private contracts. The indicator is based on perceptions and expert assessments of how consistently and reliably contracts are enforced by courts and the judicial system. |
| IGC31S | number, null | Ease of domestic business score (0-4). Measures the extent to which the regulatory and infrastructure environments constrain the efficient operation of businesses. The quantitative score is derived from an array of factors that affect the ease of starting, operating and closing a business. |
| IGC32S | number, null | Simple average tariff rate score (0-4). Mean average tariff rate. As the mean tariff rate increases, countries are assigned lower scores. |
| IGC33S | number, null | State ownership score (0-4). Evaluates the degree to which the state owns and controls capital—including land—in the industrial, agricultural and service sectors. However, this indicator excludes the extent of government revenue and expenditure as a share of total output. |
| IGC34S | number, null | Cost of tax compliance score (0-4). Measures the time required per year for a business to prepare, file and pay taxes on corporate income, value added or sales taxes, and taxes on labour. |
| IGC35S | number, null | Effectiveness of the criminal adjudication system score (0-4). Measures whether perpetrators of crimes are effectively prosecuted and punished. It also measures whether criminal judges and other judicial officers are competent and produce speedy decisions. |
| IGC36S | number, null | Corruption in the criminal justice system score (0-4). Measures whether the police, prosecutors and judges are free of bribery and improper influence from criminal organisations. |
| IGE01S | number, null | Free elections score (0-4). Measures whether elections for the national legislature and head of government are free. Factors considered include whether elections are competitive (that is, people are free to vote and are offered a range of choices). |
| IGE02S | number, null | Fair elections score (0-4). Measures whether elections for the national legislature and head of government are fair. |
| IGE03S | number, null | Free and fair municipal elections score (0-4). Measures whether municipal elections are both free and fair. |
| IGE04S | number, null | Universal suffrage score (0-4). Assesses if there is universal suffrage for all adults bar generally accepted exclusions (for example non-nationals, criminals or members of the armed forces in some countries). |
| IGE05S | number, null | Voting threat score (0-4). Assesses whether citizens can cast their vote free of significant threat to their security from state or non-state bodies. |
| IGE06S | number, null | Equal campaigning opportunities score (0-4). Measures whether laws provide for broadly equal campaigning opportunities. |
| IGE07S | number, null | Transparency of political party financing score (0-4). Measures whether the process of financing political parties is transparent and generally accepted. |
| IGE08S | number, null | Freedom to form political organisations score (0-4). Measures to what degree citizens are free to form political and civic organisations, free from state interference and surveillance. |
| IGE10S | number, null | Excessive executive authority score (0-4). Measures whether excessive power is, or is likely to be, concentrated in the executive to the extent that the executive lacks accountability and possesses excessive discretion.. |
| IGE11S | number, null | Military influence on courts and politics score (0-4). The extent to which a country's military interferes with or influences political processes, judicial independence and civilian governance. |
| IGE12S | number, null | Proportion of women in parliament score (0-4). The percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber held by women. |
| IGE13S | number, null | Prevalence of political reprisals score (0-4). Evaluates to what extent political parties use severe political attacks or seek to demonise their opponents. |
| IGE14S | number, null | Protection of minority parties score (0-4). Evaluates to what extent the leadership of political parties are committed to free and fair elections with multiple parties, freedom of speech, media, assembly and association. |
| IGE15S | number, null | Poltiical commitment to minority rights score (0-4). Evaluates to what extent the leadership of political parties are willing to implement majority opinion, even if doing so violates the rights of minorities. |
| IGE16S | number, null | Incidence of poltical violence score (0-4). Evaluates to what extent the leadership of political parties explicitly discourage the use of violence against domestic political opponents. |
| IGE18S | number, null | Party positions on lgbt rights score (0-4). Evaluates party positions on social equality for the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community. |
| IGE19S | number, null | Cultural superiority in the political discourse score (0-4). Evaluates the extent to which party leaderships promote the cultural superiority of a specific social group or the nation as a whole |
| IGE20S | number, null | Religious influence on politics score (0-4). Evaluates to what extent parties invoke religion to justify their positions. |
| IGE21S | number, null | Share of women in national political leadership score (0-4). Share of women in national-level leadership positions. |
| IGE22S | number, null | Poltical commitment to universal welfare score (0-4). Evaluates the extent to which parties promote universal welfare policies. |
| IGE23S | number, null | Personalization of political parties score (0-4). Evaluates the extent to which parties are a vehicle for the personal will and priorities of one individual leader. |
| IGE24S | number, null | Populism in the political sphere score (0-4). Evaluates the extent to which parties use populist rhetoric. |
| IGF01S | number, null | Vested interests and cronyism score (0-4). Measures to what degree vested interests/cronyism distort decision-making in the public and/or private sectors. |
| IGF04S | number, null | Military influence score (0-4). Assesses how free the government is of undue influence from the military or security services. |
| IGF09S | number, null | Legal checks and balances score (0-4). Based on the World Justice Project's Rule of Law Index, which relies on national surveys of more than 138,000 households and 4,200 legal practitioners and experts to measure how the rule of law is experienced and perceived worldwide. |
| IGF11S | number, null | Corruption score (0-4). Assesses the pervasiveness of corruption among public officials. |
| IGF12S | number, null | Accountability of public officials score (0-4). Measures accountability of public official and whether relevant sanctions and safeguards are in place to ensure competent performance and the prevention of unfair treatment. |
| IGF14S | number, null | Strong institutions score (0-4). Measurement of the country's performance in achieving goal #16 of the UN Sustainable Development Goals — Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels, as judged by the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network in partnership with Bertelsman Stiftung. |
| IGF16S | number, null | Government effectiveness score (0-4). Measures perceptions of the quality of public services, the quality of the civil service and the degree of its independence from political pressures, the quality of policy formulation and implementation, and the credibility of the government's commitment to such policies. |
| IGF20S | number, null | Dependence on external aid score (0-4). Measures aid dependency on two parameters sourced from the World Bank: public aid per head and net official development assistance received as a percentage of gross national income. |
| IGF22S | number, null | Intervention by foreign state actors score (0-4). Evaluates the influence of external actors using two parameters: security engagement, both covert and overt, that may affect the balance of power within a state; and economic engagement through large-scale loans, development projects or foreign aid, creating economic dependency. |
| IGF24S | number, null | Freedom of travel for foreign citizens score (0-4). Measures the percentage of countries for which a country requires a visa from foreign visitors. It reflects the freedom of foreigners to travel to this country for tourist and short-term business purposes. |
| IGF25S | number, null | Militarisation score (0-4). Evaluates the extent of militarisation by evaluating the following parameters, among others: military expenditure compared with GDP and healthcare expenditure, the size of military forces to the number of physician and the number of heavy weapons available to armed forces. |
| IGF27S | number, null | Illegal trade in excisable consumer goods score (0-4). Evaluates the extent of illicit transport, distribution and sale of excise consumer goods, with the exception of oil. |
| IGF28S | number, null | Variability of agricultural output score (0-4). Measures the variability of agricultural production around |
| IGF29S | number, null | Politically motivated violence score (0-4). Measures perceptions of the likelihood of political instability and/or politically motivated violence, including terrorism. |
| IGF30S | number, null | Risk of conflict score (0-4). Evaluates a country’s risk of conflict by measuring multiple variables, including a country's regime type, its conflict history and other socioeconomic, political, geographic and security variables that contribute to the outbreak of civil war. |
| IGF31S | number, null | Police integrity and effectiveness score (0-4). Measures public perception of the extent to which police services can be relied on to enforce law and order in a country. |
| IGF32S | number, null | Risk of violent conflict (current highly violent conflict intensity)score (0-4). Measures the risk of intense conflict based on two parameters: use of weapons and personnel; and casualties, refugees and demolition. |
| IGF33S | number, null | Foreign company discrimination score (0-4). Assesses the extent to which the authorities favour domestic interest over foreign companies in legal matters. |
| IGF34S | number, null | Subsidies as a % of GDP score (0-4). General government transfers and subsidies as a share of GDP. |
| IGF35S | number, null | Private property protection score (0-4). Assesses the degree to which private property rights are guaranteed and protected. |
| IGI01S | number, null | Institutional readiness for innovation score (0-4). Evaluates economies on multiple parameters including the policy environment, education, infrastructure and knowledge creation to assess their overall performance and readiness for innovation. |
| IGI02S | number, null | Economic cost of emigration score (0-4). Measures the economic impact of displacement on an economy through the loss of productive, skilled professional labour. |
| IGI03S | number, null | Dispute resolution score (0-4). Evaluates how effectively a country's legal system resolves disputes involving private parties, businesses or the government focusing on the timeliness and efficiency of legal processes; fairness, impartiality and predictability of judicial decisions, and the availability and effectiveness of alternative dispute resolution mechanisms. |
| IGI04S | number, null | International student mobility score (0-4). Measures the movement of students between countries for higher education. |
| IGI05S | number, null | Judicial autonomy score (0-4). Measures the extent to which the judiciary in a country is independent from political influences of members of government, citizens or firms. |
| IGI06S | number, null | Foreign aid score (0-4). Measures the transfer of money and resources from predominantly richer countries to developing countries to help to fight poverty and support economic development. |
| IGI07S | number, null | Foreign aid for helathcare score (0-4). Measures the transfer of money and resources directed towards: healthcare infrastructure (hospitals, clinics); disease control (vaccinations, prevention, treatments); maternal, newborn and child health services; and health policy development, training and capacity-building. |
| IGI08S | number, null | Number of patent applications score (0-4). The total number of applications submitted for patents by residents and non-residents within a country, typically within a given year. These applications should have been filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention. |
| IGI09S | number, null | Property rights score (0-4). Measures to what extent property rights—including over financial assets—are clearly defined and protected by law. |
| IGI10S | number, null | Ease of purchase and sale of property score (0-4). Evaluates the time measured in days and monetary costs required to transfer ownership of property that includes land and a warehouse. |
| IGI11S | number, null | Formulation and implementation of regulations score (0-4). Evaluates the perceptions of the ability of the government to formulate and implement sound policies and regulations that permit and promote private-sector development. |
| IGI12S | number, null | Proportion of GDP spent on research and development score (0-4). Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percentage of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures over four sectors: business enterprises, government, higher education and private non-profit. |
| IGI13S | number, null | Number of STEM journal articles score (0-4). The total count of scholarly articles published in science, technology, engineering and mathematics fields by researchers affiliated with institutions in a particular country, typically measured annually. |
| ISA01S | number, null | Population with access to clean cooking fuels (% of total)score (0-4). The proportion of the total population primarily using clean cooking fuels and technologies for cooking. Under WHO guidelines, kerosene is excluded from clean cooking fuels. |
| ISA02S | number, null | Access to electricity score (0-4). The percentage of the population with access to electricity. |
| ISA03S | number, null | Banking access score (0-4). The number of depositors with commercial banks per 1,000 adults. |
| ISA04S | number, null | Mortality from communicable diseases score (0-4). Mortality rate adjusted to account for differences in age distribution between populations from deaths caused by infectious diseases. |
| ISA05S | number, null | Digital access and readiness score (0-4). Measures digital access and readiness across four parameters: the quality and breadth of available infrastructure required for access and levels of internet usage; the cost of access relative to income and the level of competition in the internet marketplace; the existence and extent of local language content and relevant content; and the capacity to access the internet, including skills, cultural acceptance and supporting policy. |
| ISA07S | number, null | Proportion of individuals with a bachelors degree score (0-4). The percentage of the population aged 25 and over that attained or completed a bachelor's degree or equivalent. |
| ISA08S | number, null | Food security score (0-4). Evaluates food access, food availability and food utilisation as a set of proxy measures for the number of people lacking secure access to food. |
| ISA09S | number, null | Government spending on education score (0-4). Government expenditure on education—current, capital and transfers—as a percentage of GDP. |
| ISA10S | number, null | Healthcare spending as a % of GDPscore (0-4). Level of current health expenditure expressed as a percentage of GDP. Estimates of current health expenditures include healthcare goods and services consumed each year. This indicator does not include capital health expenditures such as buildings, machinery, IT and stocks of vaccines for emergencies or outbreaks. |
| ISA11S | number, null | Hospital bed availability score (0-4). The number of hospital beds available per 10,000 inhabitants in a population. |
| ISA12S | number, null | Adult literacy rate score (0-4). The percentage of people aged 15 and over who can read and write, with understanding, a short, simple statement about their everyday life. |
| ISA13S | number, null | Quality of e-governance services score (0-4). Evaluates e-governance on three parameters: the scope and quality of online services provided by governments, including the availability of information and the delivery of services through official websites; the existing infrastructure that supports information communication technology such as internet connectivity, mobile subscriptions and broadband access; and the education level of a country's population, reflecting the ability of citizens to effectively utilise e-government services. |
| ISA14S | number, null | Out-of-pocket healthcare spending score (0-4). Share of out-of-pocket payments—the amount that households directly spend on health—of total current health expenditures. |
| ISA15S | number, null | Proportion of population with access to safe drinking water score (0-4). The percentage of people using drinking water from an improved source that is accessible on premises, available when needed and free from faecal and priority chemical contamination. Improved water sources include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water. |
| ISA16S | number, null | Population with access to safe sanitation facilities (% of total)score (0-4). The percentage of people using improved sanitation facilities that are not shared with other households, and where excreta are safely disposed of in situ or transported and treated offsite. Improved sanitation facilities include flush/pour flush to piped sewer systems, septic tanks or pit latrines: ventilated improved pit latrines, compositing toilets or pit latrines with slabs. |
| ISA17S | number, null | Vairability in per capita food production score (0-4). The variability of the food net per head production value at average US dollar prices between 2004 and 2006 as measured by the Food and Agriculture Organisation. This metric monitors the fluctuations in the average daily caloric supply accessible to individuals over a specific period, serving as an indicator of the stability and reliability of food availability in a region. |
| ISA18S | number, null | Wasting prevalance among young children score (0-4). Proportion of children under five years old whose body weight relative to height is more than two standard deviations below the median of the international reference population. |
| ISA19S | number, null | Obesity among young children score (0-4). Percentage of overweight children (body weight relative to height is more than two standard deviations of the WHO Child Growth Standards median) among children under five months old. |
| ISA20S | number, null | Prevalence of stunting in young children score (0-4). Percentage of stunting (height relative to age is less than two standard deviations of the WHO Child Growth Standards median) among children under five months old |
| ISA22S | number, null | Proportion of infants that are breastfed score (0-4). The percentage of children under six months old who were fed breast milk alone (no other liquids) in the past 24 hours |
| ISA23S | number, null | Incidence of low birth weight score (0-4). Estimated number of people at risk of undernourishment. This is calculated by applying the estimated prevalence of undernourishment to the total population in each period. |
| ISA24S | number, null | Food insecurity score (0-4). Percentage of people in the population who live in households classified as moderately or severely food insecure. A household is classified as moderately or severely food insecure when at least one adult in the household has reported to have been at times during the year exposed to a low-quality diet and might have been forced to reduce the quantity of food that they would normally eat because of a lack of resources. |
| ISA25S | number, null | Obesity among adults score (0-4). Percentage of adults aged 18 and over whose body mass index (BMI) is more than 30 kg/m2. BMI is the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in metres. |
| ISA26S | number, null | School enrollment score (0-4). The ratio of total school enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. |
| ISA27S | number, null | Telecom infrastructure score (0-4). Development status of telecommunication infrastructure. |
| ISA28S | number, null | Universality of health coverage score (0-4). The average coverage of specific, representative health services selected to measure and monitor overall health system performance and service coverage. These services include reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health, infectious diseases, non-communicable diseases, and healthcare access and capacity among the general and most disadvantaged populations. |
| ISA29S | number, null | Gender parity in youth literacy score (0-4). The ratio of females to males aged 15-24 who can read and write with understanding a short simple statement about everyday life. |
| ISC02S | number, null | Freedom of expression score (0-4). Measures whether there is freedom of expression and protest bar only generally accepted restrictions, such as banning advocacy of violence. |
| ISC03S | number, null | Internet restrictions score (0-4). Measures whether there are political restrictions on access to the internet. |
| ISC05S | number, null | Personal freedoms score (0-4). Measures the extent to which citizens enjoy personal freedoms, considering gender equality, right to travel, choice of work and study. |
| ISC06S | number, null | Human rights abuses score (0-4). Measures the risk that the country could be accused of serious human rights abuses. |
| ISC08S | number, null | LGBTI acceptance score (0-4). Based on the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and/or intersex (LGBTI) Global Acceptance Index (GAI), which measures the relative level of acceptance of LGBTI people and issues in each country for a specific period. This indicator consolidates the results from cross-national global and regional surveys that measure attitudes toward LGBTI people and rights. |
| ISC10S | number, null | Perception of personal freedoms score (0-4). Measures popular perceptions of the extent to which citizens have free choice and control over their lives. |
| ISC12S | number, null | Fairness of judicial process score (0-4). Measures the extent to which the legal process and the courts can be interfered with or distorted to serve particular interests. |
| ISC14S | number, null | Rule of law score (0-4). Based on the World Bank's Rule of Law Index, which captures perceptions of the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide by the rules of society, and in particular the quality of contract enforcement, property rights, the police and the courts, as well as the likelihood of crime and violence. |
| ISC20S | number, null | Mandatory military service score (0-4). Country-level evaluation of conscription, taking into account length of conscription and whether such service includes non-military options. |
| ISC21S | number, null | Judicial integrity and efficiency score (0-4). Country-level evaluation that takes into account three factors: judicial independence, quality of the judicial process and favouritism in obtaining judgements. |
| ISC22S | number, null | Human trafficking score (0-4). Detected trafficking victims per head. |
| ISC23S | number, null | School years adjusted for learning outcomes score (0-4). The number of years a child is expected to spend in school by age 18, adjusted for student performance on standardised tests. |
| ISC24S | number, null | People forcibly displaced (net refugee inflow)score (0-4). Net refugee inflow per head. |
| ISC26S | number, null | Impact of refugees and displaced persons score (0-4). The pressure caused by the forced displacement of large communities as a result of social, political, environmental or other causes. This metric measures displacement within countries, as well as refugee flows into others. |
| ISC27S | number, null | State of vulnerable groups score (0-4). Evaluates the predispositions of a previously vulnerable group |
| ISC28S | number, null | Hunger and starvation score (0-4). One of the UN sustainable development goals measured on the following parameters evaluating to what extent a country has |
| ISC29S | number, null | Legal safeguards for lending score (0-4). The degree to which collateral and bankruptcy laws protect the rights of borrowers and lenders, and thus facilitate lending. |
| ISC30S | number, null | Individuals held without trial score (0-4). Persons held in prisons, penal Institutions or correctional institutions. |
| ISC31S | number, null | Forcibly displaced persons score (0-4). Number of refugees, returned refugees and internally displaced persons. The total number of uprooted people is the sum of the highest figures from the selected sources for each uprooted group. |
| ISE01S | number, null | Ethnic/religious representation score (0-4). Assesses whether ethnic, religious and other minorities have a reasonable degree of autonomy and voice in the political process. |
| ISE02S | number, null | Religious tolerance score (0-4). Measures the degree of religious tolerance and freedom of religious expression. |
| ISE03S | number, null | Equality in law score (0-4). Measures the degree to which citizens are treated equally according to the law. |
| ISE04S | number, null | Racial discrimination score (0-4). Assesses if there is significant discrimination on the basis of people's race, colour or creed. |
| ISE05S | number, null | Gini index score (0-4). Based on the Gini index, this indicator measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. |
| ISE10S | number, null | Reducing inequalities score (0-4). Measurement of the country's performance in achieving goal #10 of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, “Reducing inequality within and among countries”, as judged by the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network in partnership with Bertelsmann Stiftung. |
| ISE11S | number, null | Gender equality score (0-4). Measurement of the country's performance in achieving goal #5 of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, “Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls”, as judged by the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network in partnership with Bertelsmann Stiftung. |
| ISE12S | number, null | Acceptance of same-sex relationships score (0-4). The percentage of respondents answering 'Yes' to the question, 'Is the city or area where you live a good place to live for gay or lesbian people?' |
| ISE20S | number, null | Adequacy of affordable housing score (0-4). Measures the level of dissatisfaction with housing affordability on an annual basis. |
| ISE22S | number, null | Gender disparity in education outcomes score (0-4). Evaluates the extent of gender disparities in educational access. This is done by taking into account gender ratios in primary, secondary and tertiary education in order to determine the ratio of female to male literacy. |
| ISE23S | number, null | Legal rights adjusted for gender score (0-4). Evaluates the degree to which women have the same legal rights as men. |
| ISE26S | number, null | LGBTQI+ legal and social inclusion score (0-4). Evaluates the current status of LGBT rights, laws and freedoms, as well as public attitudes towards LGBT people. |
| ISE27S | number, null | Multidimensional poverty score (0-4). Measures poverty on three dimensions of wellbeing, monetary, education and basic infrastructure access. An overall poverty cut-off of one-third of the weighted deprivations is used. |
| ISE28S | number, null | Net migration score (0-4). The number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants, including both citizens and non-citizens. |
| ISE29S | number, null | Gender wage gap score (0-4). The difference between the average earnings of men and women in employment expressed as a percentage of men's earnings. |
| ISE30S | number, null | Labour force participation by disability score (0-4). The proportion of working-age people with disabilities who are either employed or actively seeking employment as a percentage of the total working-age population with disabilities. |
| ISE31S | number, null | Labour force gender parity score (0-4). The ratio of female to male labour force participation rate. Labour force participation is defined as the proportion of the population aged 15 and older that is economically active (that is, who supply labour for the production of goods and services during a specified period). |
| ISL02S | number, null | Labour laws score (0-4). An assessment of how restrictive labour laws will be for businesses operating in the country over a two-year forecast period. |
| ISL03S | number, null | Freedom of association score (0-4). An assessment of the risk that freedom of association and right to collective bargaining will not be respected for workers. |
| ISL05S | number, null | Working poverty score (0-4). The percentage of employed persons of 15 years or older who are living in poverty in spite of being employed. Poverty is defined using the international poverty line of US$1.90 per day in purchasing power parity (PPP). |
| ISL10S | number, null | Vulnerable employment score (0-4). Measures the number of family workers and self-employed workers as a percentage of total employment. |
| ISL11S | number, null | Labour rights enforcement score (0-4). Measures the effective enforcement of fundamental labour rights, including freedom of association and the right to collective bargaining, the absence of discrimination with respect to employment, and freedom from forced labour and child labour. |
| ISL12S | number, null | Modern slavery score (0-4). The prevalence of modern slavery in a country, measured as the number of victims per 1,000 population. |
| ISL14S | number, null | Labour rights legislation score (0-4). Measures the level of national compliance with labour rights (freedom of association and collective bargaining) based on International Labour Organisation textual sources and national legislation, by sex and migrant status. |
| ISL15S | number, null | Labour regulations score (0-4). Based on the Heritage Foundation's Index of Economic Freedom, specifically the index's labour freedom component. This is a quantitative measure that considers various aspects of the legal and regulatory framework of a country’s labour market, including regulations concerning minimum wages, laws inhibiting layoffs, severance requirements and measurable regulatory restraints on hiring and hours worked. |
| ISL20S | number, null | Trade union density score (0-4). Employee union members within a country expressed as a percentage of total number of employees. |
| ISL21S | number, null | Strength of collective bargaining score (0-4). Country-level assessment evaluating whether wages are determined predominantly through collective bargaining or individually by companies. |
| ISL22S | number, null | Minimum wages and contractual work score (0-4). Country-level assessment evaluating the validity and duration of fixed-term contracts and the ratio of minimum wage to the average value added per worker. |
| ISL23S | number, null | Working hours regulations score (0-4). Country-level assessment evaluating working hours laws on five parameters: restrictions on holiday work, length of the working week, restrictions on overtime work and average annual paid leave. |
| ISL24S | number, null | Statutory redundancy payments score (0-4). The cost of advance notice requirements, severance payments and penalties for dismissals. |
| ISL25S | number, null | Incidence of occupational injury score (0-4). Occupational injuries by sex and migration status. |
| OK | number, null | Overall ranking (out of 151). The country’s rank based on the overall sustainability index score. A higher rank indicates better performance on environmental, social and governance issues and lower sustainability risk. |
| PEK | number, null | Environment ranking (out of 151). The country’s rank based on the environment pillar score. A higher rank indicates stronger performance on decarbonisation, environmental stewardship, waste and water management, and lower climate-related physical risks. |
| PES | number, null | Environment score (0-100). Assesses country risk in relation to the state of decarbonisation, environmental stewardship, waste and water management and level of physical climate risk. |
| PGK | number, null | Governance ranking (out of 151). The country’s rank based on its governance pillar score. A higher rank indicates better performance on electoral process and pluralism, functioning of government, corporate governance, and institutional quality as well as greater capacity for innovation. |
| PGS | number, null | Governance score (0-100). Assesses country risk in relation to the state of electoral process and pluralism, functioning of government, corporate governance and the level of innovation and institutional quality. |
| PSK | number, null | Societal ranking (out of 151). The country’s rank based on its social pillar score. A higher rank indicates better performance on labour conditions, civil rights, equality and access to services. |
| PSS | number, null | Societal score (0-100). Assesses country risk in relation to the state of labour conditions, civil rights, access to services and levels of equality. |
countryCode* key | string | EIU 2-letter country code. |
| countryName | string, null | Country name associated with the geography, when available. |
date* index | string | Calendar date of the sustainability data snapshot (ISO 8601 date). |
| overallScore | number, null | Overall score (0-100). Assesses the state of sustainability risk in a country taking into account its performance on environmental, social and governance issues |
year* subkey | string | Reporting year for the indicator bundle, as a string. |
* required
Field Naming Convention
viaNexus preserves the original structure while making it machine- and agent-friendly.
| Pattern | Meaning |
|---|---|
| P* | Pillar-level metrics |
| C* | Category / sub-pillar aggregates |
| I* | Individual indicators |
| K suffix | Indicator count |
| S suffix | Score |
z
Top-Level Fields
| Field | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| countryCode | string | ISO-2 country code |
| countryName | string | Country name |
| year | string | Reference year |
| date | date | Dataset snapshot date |
| overallScore | number | Composite ESG score (0–100) |
| id | string | Dataset identifier |
| key | string | Primary key (country) |
| subkey | string | Secondary key (year) |
| updated | timestamp | Last update timestamp |
Pillar Scores
Environmental
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| PES | Environmental score (0–100) |
| PEK | Number of environmental indicators |
Social
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| PSS | Social score (0–100) |
| PSK | Number of social indicators |
Governance
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| PGS | Governance score (0–100) |
| PGK | Number of governance indicators |
Sub-Pillar Categories
Environmental (CE*)
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| CEES | Environmental aggregate score |
| CEEK | Indicator count |
| CEPS | Environmental policy score |
| CEWS | Water / resource management score |
| CEZS | Environmental risk / resilience score |
| CEDK | Climate / emissions indicator count |
Social (CS*)
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| CSAS | Social aggregate score |
| CSCS | Social cohesion |
| CSES | Social equity |
| CSLS | Labour & living standards |
| CSAK, CSCK, CSEK, CSLK | Indicator counts |
Governance (CG*)
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| CGCS | Governance aggregate score |
| CGES | Political effectiveness |
| CGFS | Financial governance |
| CGIS | Institutional strength |
| CGCK, CGEK, CGFK, CGIK | Indicator counts |
Indicator-Level Fields
Indicators follow a consistent schema:
I + [Pillar] + [Category] + [ID] + S
| Component | Meaning |
|---|---|
| I | Indicator |
| E / S / G | ESG pillar |
| Next letter | Sub-category |
| Number | Indicator ID |
| S | Score (0–4) |
Indicator Families
Environmental
| Prefix | Description |
|---|---|
| IEDxxS | Environmental degradation (emissions, pollution) |
| IEExxS | Ecosystem / exposure |
| IEPxxS | Environmental policy |
| IEWxxS | Water & natural resources |
Governance
| Prefix | Description |
|---|---|
| IGCxxS | Corruption & political governance |
| IGExxS | Government effectiveness |
| IGFxxS | Fiscal governance |
| IGIxxS | Institutional integrity |
Social
| Prefix | Description |
|---|---|
| ISAxxS | Access (health, education) |
| ISCxxS | Social cohesion |
| ISExxS | Equity |
| ISLxxS | Labour & living conditions |
Scoring Methodology
| Level | Scale | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Indicators | 0–4 | Discrete scoring |
| Sub-pillars | 0–100 | Weighted aggregation |
| Pillars | 0–100 | Category aggregation |
| Overall | 0–100 | Final ESG score |
Scores are derived through weighted normalization across indicators, ensuring comparability across countries.
Disclaimer
Whilst efforts have been taken to verify the accuracy of this information, neither The Economist Intelligence Unit Ltd. nor its affiliates can accept any responsibility or liability for reliance by any person on this information.
Attribution
Source: Economist Enterprise
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